What does letterpress and hot-stamping printing look like in the 21st century?

1. digital design is transferred to a plate, usually magnesium or polymer.

2 The paper is imprinted on a plate, with the help of a centuries-old printing machine that uses a great deal of force. A separate die is produced for each color.

3. The ink is mixed by hand using a Pantone color chart. The hot-stamping foil is then set into a foiling machine, which is heated to 100 degrees Celsius.

4. The cotton paper is manually fed, one sheet at a time, into the feeder. This stage requires high precision because there's a risk of issues with print alignment, color consistency, and overall print quality.